Heartburn and Acid Reflux

Overview

80M

People in the U.S. who experience discomfort from acid reflux at least twice per month

44%

Adults in the U.S. who experience heartburn at least once a month — 14% weekly, 7% daily

20%

Share of the U.S. population with GERD, which causes heartburn and acid reflux

In plain language

Heartburn and acid reflux are common digestive disorders that affect many people, particularly as they age. They occur when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. While these conditions can be uncomfortable and disruptive, they can often be managed effectively with lifestyle changes and medication.

Heartburn and acid reflux are digestive conditions that can cause discomfort in the chest and throat. Heartburn occurs when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, leading to a burning sensation in the chest. Acid reflux refers to the actual backflow of stomach acid.

These conditions are common, especially among older adults. Age-related changes in digestion, such as a weakened lower esophageal sphincter, can increase susceptibility to acid reflux. Certain foods, medications, and lifestyle factors can also contribute.

Chronic acid reflux can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a more serious condition that may require medical treatment. Understanding and managing triggers can help reduce symptoms and improve comfort.

Key Information

Review the most relevant symptoms, risk factors, and common care approaches in one place.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors for heartburn and acid reflux include:

Diet: Spicy, fatty, or acidic foods can trigger symptoms.
Obesity: Excess weight increases abdominal pressure.
Smoking: Weakens the lower esophageal sphincter.
Alcohol and caffeine: Can irritate the esophagus and relax the sphincter.
Medications: Certain drugs, such as NSAIDs and calcium channel blockers, may cause reflux.

Symptoms

Typical symptoms of heartburn and acid reflux include:

Burning sensation: Burning in the chest or throat, often after eating.
Regurgitation: Sour or bitter-tasting acid backing up into the throat or mouth.
Difficulty swallowing: Feeling like food is stuck in the throat.
Chest pain: May mimic heart-related pain.
Chronic cough or sore throat: Especially at night.

Coping Strategies

Treatments That May Help

Start with the options that have more supporting research and then review the details with your care team.

Treatment Option

Fitness

Fitness plays a vital role in helping older adults maintain mobility, strength, and energy. Regular physical activity improves mood, supports heart health, and preserves independence — helping seniors stay active and engaged in life.

8 studies

Dietary Management

Dietary management focuses on making thoughtful food choices to maintain good health, prevent disease, and manage chronic conditions. For seniors, balanced nutrition supports energy, mobility, and overall well-being while helping manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and digestion.

5 studies

Chamomile

Chamomile is a calming herb traditionally used to promote relaxation, support sleep, and soothe digestion. It’s ideal for seniors who experience stress or occasional sleeplessness.

1 study