Hay Fever

Hay fever, or allergic rhinitis, is a type of allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to pollen. When a person with hay fever comes into contact with pollen, their immune system releases histamine and other chemicals that cause allergy symptoms.

The immune system is designed to protect the body from harmful substances, such as bacteria and viruses. In people with hay fever, the immune system mistakenly identifies pollen as a threat and mounts an allergic response. This response involves the release of histamine and other chemicals, which cause the symptoms of hay fever.

Hay fever can be caused by pollen from a variety of plants, including:

• Trees: Trees such as oak, maple, birch, and cedar release pollen in the spring.

• Grasses: Grasses like Timothy grass, Bermuda grass, and ryegrass release pollen in the summer.

• Ragweed: Ragweed is a common allergen that releases pollen in the late summer and early fall.

Hay fever is often referred to as a seasonal allergy because the symptoms tend to occur during specific times of the year, depending on the pollen causing the allergy. For example, people with tree pollen allergies may experience symptoms in the spring, while those with grass pollen allergies may experience symptoms in the summer.

In addition to outdoor allergens, some people with hay fever may also be allergic to indoor allergens, such as mold, dust mites, and pet dander. These allergens can trigger hay fever symptoms, especially during the winter months when people spend more time indoors.

Understanding the underlying causes of hay fever can help individuals take steps to avoid allergens and manage their symptoms.